that it's also where 65% of colds and more than half of food-borne
illnesses are contracted. The things we do around the house every day
have a big impact on both our long- and short-term health. Here are six
common household activities that may be making you sick.
1. Using a Sponge
The dirtiest room in everybody's home is the kitchen, says Phillip
Tierno, PhD, director of clinical microbiology and diagnostic immunology
at the New York University Langone Medical Center and author of The
Secret Life of Germs. "That's because we deal with dead animal carcasses
on our countertops and in the sink." Raw meat can carry E. coli and
salmonella, among other viruses and bacteria.
Most people clean their countertops and table after a meal with the one
tool found in almost all kitchens: the sponge. In addition to sopping up
liquids and other messes, the kitchen sponge commonly carries E. coli
and fecal bacteria, as well as many other microbes. "It's the single
dirtiest thing in your kitchen, along with a dishrag," says Tierno.
Ironically, the more you attempt to clean your countertops with a
sponge, the more germs you're spreading around. "People leave [the
sponge] growing and it becomes teaming with [millions of] bacteria, and
that can make you sick and become a reservoir of other organisms that
you cross-contaminate your countertops with, your refrigerator, and
other appliances in the kitchen," Tierno explains.
Solution: Tierno suggests dipping sponges into a solution of bleach and
water before wiping down surfaces. "That is the best and cheapest
germicide money can buy -- less than a penny to make the solution -- so
that you can clean your countertops, cutting boards, dishrags, or
sponges after each meal preparation."
In addition, once you've used your sponge, be sure to let it air-dry.
Dryness kills off organisms. Another way to keep bacteria from building
up in your sponge is to microwave it for one to two minutes each week.
"Put a little water in a dish and put the sponge in that," Tierno
advises. "That will boil and distribute the heat evenly [throughout the
sponge] and kill the bacteria."
2. Vacuuming
Conventional vacuum cleaners are intended to pick up and retain big
pieces of dirt, like the dust bunnies we see floating about on our
floors. But it's the tiny dust particles that pass right through the
porous vacuum bags and up into the air. So, while our floors may look
cleaner after running a vacuum over them, plenty of dust, which can
exacerbate allergies and asthma, remains.
Pet allergens and indoor dust, which contains the highest concentrations
of hazardous materials like heavy metals, lead, pesticides, and other
chemicals, are found in higher concentrations in the smallest particles
of the dust, explains David MacIntosh, MD. He is principal scientist at
Environmental Health & Engineering (EH&E), an environmental consulting
and engineering services firm based in Needham, Mass.
"The everyday habit of cleaning with a conventional vacuum cleaner
results in a burst of particles in the air and then they settle back
down over the course of hours," says MacIntosh.
Solution: Look for a vacuum cleaner with a high efficiency particulate
air (HEPA) filter. Unlike those in conventional vacuums, HEPA filters
are able to retain the small particles and prevent them from passing
through and contaminating the air you breathe in your home.
3. Sleeping With Pillows and a Mattress
The average person sheds about 1.5 million skin cells per hour and
perspires one quart every day even while doing nothing, says Tierno. The
skin cells accumulate in our pillows and mattresses and dust mites grow
and settle.
If that's not gross enough for you, Tierno explains that a mattress
doubles in weight every 10 years because of the accumulation of human
hair, bodily secretions, animal hair and dander, fungal mold and spores,
bacteria, chemicals, dust, lint, fibers, dust mites, insect parts, and a
variety of particulates, including dust mite feces. After five years,
10% of the weight of a pillow is dust mites. This is what you're
inhaling while you sleep.
"What you're sleeping on can exacerbate your allergies or your asthma,"
says Tierno.
Solution: Cover your mattress, box springs, and pillows with impervious
outer covers.
"Allergy-proof coverings seal the mattress and pillow, preventing
anything from getting in or out, which protects you," Tierno says. He
also suggests that you wash your sheets weekly in hot water. Make sure
the temperature range of the water is between 130 to 150 degrees
Fahrenheit.
4. Grilling Meat
So much for the summertime staple: Barbecuing meat creates the
cancer-causing compounds polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and
heterocyclic amines (HCAs). When fat drips from the meat onto the hot
grill, catches fire, and produces smoke, PAHs form. That's what's
contained in that delicious-looking charred mark we all look for on our
burger. HCAs form when meat is cooked at a high temperature, which can
occur during an indoor cooking process as well.
Solution: "Limiting your outdoor cooking, using tin foil, or microwaving
the meat first is a sensible precaution," says Michael Thun, MD. He is
emeritus vice president for epidemiology and surveillance research with
the American Cancer Society.
Wrapping meat in foil with holes poked in it allows fat to drip off, but
limits the amount of fat that hits the flames and comes back onto the
meat, Thun tells WebMD. Some of the excess fat can also be eliminated by
first microwaving meat and choosing cuts of meat that are leaner.
5. Opening Your Windows
When the weather turns nice, many of us throw open our windows to breath
in the fresh spring air. But that may be an unhealthy move, considering
the combination of seasonal allergies and poor air quality of many
cities throughout the U.S. According to a recent report by the American
Lung Association, 60% of Americans are breathing unhealthy air. And the
pollution inside our homes may be worse than outdoors. The Environmental
Protection Agency lists poor indoor air quality as the fourth largest
environmental threat to our country. Bacteria, molds, mildew, tobacco
smoke, viruses, animal dander, house dust mites, and pollen are among
the most common household pollutants.
Solution: Shut the windows and run the air conditioner. All
air-conditioning systems have a filter that protects the mechanical
equipment and keeps them clean of debris.
"Pollen and mold spores that have made their way indoors will be run
through the air-conditioning system and taken out of the air as they go
through the duct work," MacIntosh says.
But much like with the vacuum cleaner, these filters can only capture
the largest particles. "The conventional filters just pick up big
things, such as hair or cob webs," says MacIntosh. "Filters intended to
remove the inhalable particles, which are very small, exist on the
market and some are very effective."
They may also be worth the investment. A recent study published in The
New England Journal of Medicine showed that cleaner air might add as
much as five months to a person's life.
Tierno says that air purification systems are important, particularly in
a bedroom where bacteria are teaming.
6. Sitting in Front of the TV
Sitting in front of the television has become a national pastime and one
of our least healthy behaviors, particularly because we often do it
while snacking on food that is high in calories.
"When you're sitting there in a trance, you can really pack on some
calories," says Thun. "Today, more than one-third of the U.S. population
qualifies as obese and one-third qualifies as overweight. Thirteen
million Americans are morbidly obese."
Excess body weight puts us at greater risk for heart disease, cancer,
arthritis, and a host of other diseases, Thun says. "That poses a
greater health risk than the toxic cleansers under our sinks."
Solution: Turn off the TV, put away the bag of chips, and go for a walk.
From WebMD by Lisa Zamosky
Reviewed / Posted by: Scott W. Yates, MD, MBA, MS, FACP
